Valentine’s Chocolate Traditions in Japan

by Kamryn Sauri

In Japan, Valentine’s Day is celebrated with a unique twist compared to Western traditions. On February 14th, it’s typically women who give gifts, mainly of chocolate, to men. This tradition is divided into different types of chocolate-giving, each with its own meaning:

- Giri-choco (義理チョコ) – “Obligation chocolate” given to male colleagues, classmates, or friends as a courtesy, without romantic intent.

- Honmei-choco (本命チョコ) – “True love chocolate” given to romantic partners or crushes, often handmade to show sincerity.

- Tomo-choco (友チョコ) – “Friend chocolate” exchanged between female friends as a gesture of appreciation.

- Jibun-choco (自分チョコ) – “Self-chocolate” purchased by individuals to treat themselves.

For many school-aged children, especially girls, making homemade chocolates is an essential part of Valentine’s Day. They spend time crafting chocolates from scratch, often decorating them with care to give to crushes and close friends. Middle and high school students, in particular, enjoy exchanging these handmade treats, making the day both exciting and nerve-wracking. Some girls even gather for chocolate-making parties before the big day, adding a fun and social element to the tradition.

One month later, on March 14th, Japan celebrates White Day, when men return the favor by giving chocolates, sweets, or gifts to women who gave them chocolates on Valentine’s Day. Traditionally, the return gift is expected to be of greater value. In recent years, some Japanese women have moved away from giving giri-choco due to workplace pressures, and there’s a growing trend of couples exchanging gifts together. Additionally, luxurious jibun-choco has gained popularity, with high-end chocolate brands catering to those indulging in self-love.

Japan’s Valentine’s Day customs highlight a mix of obligation, romance, and friendship, making it a distinctive and culturally rich celebration of love.